SAD is a computer program complex for accelerator design. It has been developed in KEK since 1986. The major functions are shown below but more and more functions are being added. SAD has proven to be powerful and useful in designs, simulations, commissioning, and improvement of TRISTAN, KEKB, FFTB, ATF, JLC, NLC, ILC, JHF, J-PARC and others.

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||SADWiki || Workshop SAD2006 || SAD School

|| SAD/FFS Commands & SADScript || SAD/FFS Examples||Orbit Correction Manual

Structural Definitions of Beam Line & Component	Optics Matching Optical/Geometrical matching Off-momentum matching Finite-amplitude matching Spin matching	SADScript Programming Interface in Mathematica Style Built-in, system- and user-defined functions for accelerators SAD/Tkinter/KBFrame Tcl/Tk interface
Particle Tracking 6D full-symplectic tracking Dynamic aperture survey Synchrotron radiation	Nonlinear Analysis Taylor map by automatic differentiation Lie algebraic map	Emittance Calculation 6D Beam-matrix method Anomalous emittance Spin depolarization(SODOM)

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Historical SAD Mails

|| 1990 || 1991||1992 || 1993 ||1994 || 1995 ||1996 || 1997 ||Recent SAD mails ||

Archived BBS

References for SAD:

1. K.Oide and H.Koiso,Anomalous equilibrium emittance due to chromaticity in electron storage rings, Phys.Rev. E49, 4474 (1994).ﾊ
2. K.Ohmi, K.Hirata and K.Oide, From the beam-envelope matrix to synchrotron-radiation integrals,Phys.Rev.E49, 751 (1994).ﾊ
3. K.Hirata, An introduction to SAD, Second Advanced ICFA Beam Dynamics Workshop, CERN 88-04 (1988).
4. K.Oide and H.Koiso, Dynamic aperture of electron storage rings with noninterleaved sextupoles, Phys.Rev.E47, 2010 (1993).
5. K.Oide, Synchrotron-Radiation Limit on the Focusing of Electron Beams, Phys.Rev. Lett.61, 1713 (1988).
6. 生出勝宣、ビーム力学入門、JLC-FFIR92研究会講義録・研究報告集、田内利明、山本昇編集、KEK Proceedings 93-6 (1993).

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The SADdists:

• N. Akasaka: KBFrame (Tkinter libraries), EPICS interface, etc.
• K. Hirata: Lie methods, emittance, beam-beam, etc.
• M. Kikuchi: orbit correction functions and commands in FFS, etc.
• S. Kuroda: x-y normal mode.
• T. Mimashi: workstation, control, etc.
• K. Ohmi: Taylor map, radiation integral, beam-beam, etc.
• K. Oide: FFS subsystem(matching, emittance, tracking), Mathematica-style functions, Tkinter, etc. The SADdest.
• N. Yamamoto: MAIN level, element and line definition, EPICS interface, workstation, etc.
• K. Yokoya: spin calculations(SODOM), Lie methods, etc.
• E. Forest, H. Fukuma, S. Kamada, H. Koiso, S. Matsunoto: advisors.
• H. Sugawara, Y. Kimura, M. Iwata, K. Takata, S.-I. Kurokawa: directors.

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A brief history of SAD:

1. 1986: A project was started by K. Hirata, S. Kamada, K. Oide, N. Yamamoto, and K. Yokoya to develope a new code for accelerator design.
2. 1987: The first version of the new code ran on HITAC, with Lie methods, 6D tracking, and emittance calculation with beam matrix, under MAIN level.
3. 1988: An optics matching code FFS was installed. Applied for NLC/FFTB final focus system at SLACVM. The naming SAD was established.
4. 1989: FFS was modified to design a periodic optics. The initial version of KEKB ring was designed with SAD.
5. 1990: FFS was extended to x-y coupled optics with solenoid. FFS/COR orbit correction system was developed.
6. 1992: A spin calculation SODOM was first developed and linked with SAD.
7. 1993: Ahsad workstations started with four HP735/755s to separate SAD from HITAC.
8. 1994: Mathematica-style functions were introduced to FFS. TRISTAN started to use SAD for regular operation.
9. 1995: Acsad server started with DEC8000(7 CPUs). Taylor map, beam-beam was linked to SAD.
10. 1996: EPICS was first linked to SAD for KEKB control. Parallel processing was extensively used in tracking and optics matching.
11. 1997: Python and Tkinter were embedded in SAD/FFS. A few GUI libraries was built with them. Acsad was upgraded to 10 CPUs.
12. 1998: SAD/KBFrame has been applied for commissioning of KEKB Linac/Rings. Class function was introduced to support an object-oriented programming.
13. 1999: SAD was exported to Linuc/LinuxPPC by the g77 compiler. Acsad4 (21264,3CPU) joined to the SAD cluster.
14. 2000: Two Linux systems alsad1&2 joined the SAD cluster for the commissioning of KEKB.
15. 2001: Acsad5 joined. Ported to Mac OS X/Darwin.